b4cc366e-2a94-432c-9dc9-82fc2de2eeca Aluminium covered balcony doors and entrance doors outward / inward opened 65 mm sash (BYKO – DA65) This is an average EPD for aluminium-covered balcony and entrance doors, with outward- and inward-opening 65 mm sash (BYKO – DA65). The product is double glazed. All hardware components are fixed with screws to the sashes and frames. The door can be opened from the side. The dimensions (height × width) are manufactured according to individual customer requirements. The LCA inventory is based on the manufacturer's annual production data and is normalized to 1 m² of door area. The dimensions of the reference product are 1000 × 2200 mm. The composition of the product is provided in the table below: Materialvalue (%)Wood~51Glass~37Metal (Steel + Aluminium )~5.7 Plastics (TPE)~0.1Paint, impregnant, primer~6 The declared performances are reported in accordance with Regulation (EU) No 305/2011. The harmonized standard for windows and doors is EN 14351-1. CharacteristicValueUnitGlass typeFlat glass, double glazing-Total weight*54.6kgThickness65mmGlass surface*0.58m²Thermal transmittance (EN 10077-1:2017)1.3W/(m²*K)Safety equipmentn.a.-Sound insulationn.a.-Air permeability (EN 1026:2016)Class 4-Watertightness (EN 1027:2016)E1100-Resistance to wind load (EN 12211:2016)Class C5-Racking (SS-EN 947:1999)Class 2-Torsion (SS-EN 948:1999)Class 2-Dangerous substancesNone-*Reference size 1m² All primary data were collected by Bitus Latvia SIA  for the reference year of 2025.  For data that are outside the manufacturer's control, generic data were used. Secondary data were sourced from the regularly updated ecoinvent database (version 3.9.1), aligning with EN 15804 standards to ensure background data not exceeding 10 years. R<THINK EPD web application was used to model the life cycle for the production and disposal of the declared product systems. To ensure that the results are comparable, consistent background data from the international database ecoinvent was used in the LCA (e.g., data records on energy, transport, auxiliary materials, and supplies). Almost all consistent data sets contained in the ecoinvent database are documented and can be viewed online. The scenarios included are currently in use and are representative for one of the most likely scenario alternatives.  According to the criteria of the "UN Environmental Global Guidance on LCA database development" mentioned in EN 15804+A2, the data quality for all three representativeness categories (geographical, technical and time) can be described as good. The calculation complies with the principles of polluter pays and modularity. A payload factor of 50 percent was used for all truck transports, which corresponds to a full delivery and empty return trip. A data set for a non-specific truck was used for the supplier transportation. A 2% manufacturing waste rate has been assumed for the plastic components (TPE seals), since separate measurement of the associated production waste was not feasible. As the production waste of the metal and glass components was measured only as a combined waste stream and could not be determined separately for each material, an average manufacturing waste rate of 8% was applied in the calculations. The demolition process for end-of-life products is assumed to require 0.043 MJ of diesel per kg of product, based on Debacker et al. (2012). This source was selected because it is recommended in the Product Environmental Footprint Category Rules (PEFCRs) for products used in buildings (2019). For the end-of-life scenario, it is assumed that the different material fractions of the product can be separated and treated individually. Therefore, material-specific end-of-life scenarios based on the default assumptions of EN 17213 were applied. Metal components: 95% recycling and 5% landfill. Wood components: 95% incineration with energy recovery and 5% landfill. Plastic components: 95% incineration with energy recovery and 5% landfill. Glass components: 70% recycling and 30% landfill. 0 2031 All process-specific data were collected for the entire year 2025, covering the period from 1 January to 31 December 2025. 2026-09-21 European Union The construction phase (Module A5) is not included or declared within the scope of this EPD. The intended uses are in domestic and commercial locations. Product Flow Diagram Product Picture EPD Kiwa-Ecobility Experts (Kiwa-EE) – General Program Instructions "Product Level" (2025-06-03) ecoinvent 3.6 database Reference to original EPD Lucas Pedro Berman Senda EN 15804+A2 ISO 14025 2026-10-19T09:50:29+00:00 ILCD format 1.1 EPD Data Format Extensions v1.2 01.00.000 Kiwa-Ecobility Experts, Kiwa GmbH (Berlin) EPD-Kiwa-EE-265142-EN Bitus Latvia SIA true Free of charge for all users and uses None. Kiwa-Ecobility Experts, Kiwa GmbH (Berlin) Aluminium covered balcony doors and entrance doors outward / inward opened 65 mm sash (BYKO – DA65) General reminder flow Output 1.0 m2 Use of renewable primary energy (PERE) General reminder flow Input 54.66 803.84377033697 1.0841746789554 156.25507476272 961.18301977865 0.017204477556905 0.18324478684248 0.26117193947843 0.03253841043672 -214.91217674671 MJ Use of renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials (PERM) General reminder flow Input 54.66 388.447888 54.3658508 442.8137388 MJ Total use of renewable primary energy resources (PERT) General reminder flow Input 54.66 1192.232758337 1.0841746789554 210.61621356272 1403.9331465787 0.017204477556905 0.18324478684248 0.26117193947843 0.03253841043672 -214.91217674671 MJ Use of non renewable primary energy (PENRE) General reminder flow Input 54.66 856.99885776442 76.805746692055 421.17642303174 1354.9810274882 3.0240235669752 12.98153605139 4.606673327072 1.3151449356199 2.984377338109 MJ Use of non renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials (PENRM) General reminder flow Input 54.66 46.062884857143 7.2668170285714 53.329701885714 MJ Total use of non renewable primary energy resources (PENRT) General reminder flow Input 54.66 902.45782690728 76.805746692055 428.37828280317 1407.6418564025 3.0240235669752 12.98153605139 4.606673327072 1.3151449356199 2.984377338109 MJ Use of secondary material (SM) General reminder flow Input 54.66 5.1376475714286 0.41101180571429 5.5486593771429 kg Use of net fresh water (FW) General reminder flow Input 54.66 4.5251622296141 0.018535984903768 1.4752146830672 6.0189128975851 0.00023741469088415 0.0031329108385737 0.016656885606945 0.0015032086355938 0.035913990859412 m3 Hazardous waste disposed (HWD) General reminder flow Output 1.0 0.0047960103160111 0.00048901745111713 0.0017711384887848 0.007056166255913 2.0351912682075E-5 8.265263922097E-5 3.3825676283252E-5 4.791582997099E-6 -0.00044314370664257 kg Non hazardous waste dispose (NHWD) General reminder flow Output 1.0 9.0971188737806 5.0682382863322 6.6194774586431 20.784834618756 0.0043263286117483 0.8566223344569 30.487652117078 7.7925420188324 1.3024698335711 kg Radioactive waste disposed (RWD) General reminder flow Output 1.0 0.0027383122359837 1.7550647782255E-5 0.00069624036619591 0.0034521032499619 3.3129167097E-7 2.966371355311E-6 5.864110984712E-6 2.611486884673E-6 0.00013216041388001 kg Materials for recycling (MFR) General reminder flow Output 1.0 0.49618 1.4072144 1.9033944 17.094 kg Exported electrical energy (EEE) General reminder flow Output 1.0 0.031244 6.69097426 6.72221826 67.1028111 MJ Exported thermal energy (EET) General reminder flow Output 1.0 0.0047158 11.519417094 11.524132894 115.56595245 MJ Abiotic depletion potential for fossil resources (ADPF) Abiotisches Abbaupotenzial fossiler Ressourcen (ADPF) Uitputting van fossiele energiedragers (ADPF) 879.47326567445 76.688723794408 425.1633303857 1381.3253198546 3.0240083757801 12.961757102156 4.6057366618023 1.3151449088533 2.9966676858831 MJ Global Warming Potential - total (GWP-total) Treibhauspotenzial - gesamt (GWP-gesamt) Klimaatverandering - totaal (GWP-totaal) 18.204956024215 5.3749813810905 29.187438056663 52.767375461968 0.23096131586256 0.90846736838497 49.168296544772 2.7150399058619 -2.1731789465265 kg CO2-eqv. Global Warming Potential - fossil fuels (GWP-fossil) Treibhauspotenzial - fossile Brennstoffe (GWP-fossil) Klimaatverandering - fossiele brandstoffen (GWP-fossiel) 63.866528042961 5.3541509337302 30.776891955127 99.997570931818 0.23090323036796 0.90494665261798 0.5989497175978 0.054629481429926 -2.2470962718029 kg CO2-eqv. Global Warming Potential - biogenic (GWP-biogenic) Treibhauspotenzial - biogen (GWP-biogen) Klimaatverandering - biogeen (GWP-biogeen) -45.697934608258 0.0017442759911895 -1.5980874501104 -47.294277782377 3.2099106692835E-5 0.00029481363880214 48.568991232555 2.6603941113359 -0.027987601484061 kg CO2-eqv. Global Warming Potential - land use and land use change (GWP-luluc) Treibhauspotenzial - Landnutzung und Landnutzungsänderung (GWP-luluc) Klimaatverandering - landgebruik en verandering in landgebruik (GWP-luluc) 0.36985534665339 0.019086171369157 0.049271966347741 0.43821348437029 2.5986387903515E-5 0.0032259021281977 0.00035559461845946 1.6313096075645E-5 0.10190492676059 kg CO2-eqv. Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer (ODP) Abbaupotential der stratosphärischen Ozonschicht (ODP) Ozonlaagaantasting (ODP) 2.3138758235E-6 9.527209432666E-8 8.9228287130051E-7 3.3014307891272E-6 3.672562725E-9 1.6102676954E-8 1.99407929685E-8 6.447729686E-9 -1.8294638198777E-7 kg CFC 11 eqv. Acidification potential, Accumulated Exceedance (AP) Versauerungspotential, Accumulated Exceedance (AP) Verzuring (AP) 0.42056864923568 0.025636016568726 0.17918518742212 0.62538985322653 0.0021401336232799 0.0043329423595768 0.0098790041084896 0.00038067981291874 -0.031892640474418 mol H+ eqv. Eutrophication potential - freshwater (EP-freshwater) Eutrophierungspotential - Süßwasser (EP-Süßwasser) Vermesting - zoetwater (EP-zoetwater) 0.0043871239534921 5.326462349128E-5 0.00080658221919617 0.0052469707961796 8.3382999557E-7 9.00266789786E-6 9.156306176348E-6 6.9151454455E-7 5.9777949550181E-5 kg P eqv. Eutrophication potential - marine (EP-marine) Eutrophierungspotential - Marine (EP-Marine) Vermesting - marien (EP-marien) 0.070328186104719 0.0097429644575614 0.030973044718765 0.11104419528105 0.00099080776186327 0.0016467341286367 0.0045886082447204 0.00019299991615786 -0.012998745190675 kg N eqv. Eutrophication potential - terrestrial (EP-terrestrial) Eutrophierungspotential - terrestrisch (EP-terrestrisch) Vermesting - terrestrisch (EP-terrestrisch) 0.85756442596904 0.1039172841694 0.34358013643293 1.3050618465714 0.010783108980405 0.017563867664957 0.052040735525208 0.0016119516279537 -0.25319769655925 mol N eqv. Formation potential of tropospheric ozone (POCP) Bildungspotential von troposphärischem Ozon (POCP) Smogvorming (POCP) 0.26804668796511 0.035475303872235 0.12492011110479 0.42844210294214 0.0031936380631107 0.0059959567608638 0.01393986659838 0.00061845808075189 -0.04532542937054 kg NMVOC eqv. Abiotic depletion potential for non fossil resources (ADPE) Abiotisches Abbaupotenzial für nicht fossile Ressourcen (ADPE) Uitputting van abiotische grondstoffen, ex fossiele energiedragers (ADPE) 0.0014194617650223 1.6768895763282E-5 0.00024270437978923 0.0016789350405748 8.060193635E-8 2.834241372144E-6 1.2459468029955E-6 6.25841001335E-8 -2.4011195607889E-5 kg Sb-eqv Water (user) deprivation potential (WDP) Wasser-(Nutzer-)Entzugspotenzial (WDP) Watergebruik (WDP) 173.1246317341 0.41879164093663 29.676568556059 203.2199919311 0.006516927037526 0.070783229367417 0.159535250812 0.021380269356357 -4.0925541353846 m3 world eqv. Potential incidence of disease due to PM emissions (PM) Potenzielle Inzidenz von Krankheiten aufgrund von PM-Emissionen (PM) Fijnstof emissie (PM) 0.00021085449193688 5.2867347224739E-7 1.850888526653E-5 0.00022989205067566 5.966373751E-8 8.9355211491E-8 8.7895722865E-8 8.6494656415E-9 -6.5206717203444E-7 disease incidence Potential Human exposure efficiency relative to U235 (IRP) Potenzielle Expositionseffizienz des Menschen im Verhältnis zu U235 (IRP) Ioniserende straling (IRP) 2.6655911719734 0.029921309000576 0.88982907824525 3.5853415592192 0.00061822734297129 0.005057232931451 0.0081789219718994 0.0019640773383183 0.16237522826086 kBq U235 eqv. Potential Comparative Toxic Unit for ecosystems (ETP-fw) Potentielle vergleichende toxische Einheit für Ökosysteme (ETP-fw) Ecotoxiciteit (zoetwater) (ETP-fw) 1285.8889216417 56.59708907267 218.98335256341 1561.4693632778 1.4450969114691 9.5659137999965 19.172021609624 1.8644471152567 -41.989360771706 CTUe Potential Comparative Toxic Unit for humans - cancer effects (HTP-c) Potenzielle vergleichende toxische Einheit für den Menschen - Krebswirkungen (HTP-c) Humane toxiciteit, carcinogeen (HTP-c) 1.0435025357E-7 2.8360694806E-9 3.5165450585681E-8 1.4235177363628E-7 7.071376E-11 4.7934614E-10 1.06045651214E-7 2.32633095E-11 4.0066362730635E-8 CTUh Potential Comparative Toxic Unit for humans - non-cancer effects (HTP-nc) Potentielle vergleichende toxische Einheit für den Menschen – nicht krebserregende Wirkungen (HTP-nc) Humane toxiciteit, non-carcinogeen (HTP-nc) 1.6710061026E-6 6.160471743949E-8 3.944246022949E-7 2.1270354223344E-6 4.9168275E-10 1.0412291981E-8 1.9615694419E-8 5.986153765E-10 2.4104734893074E-7 CTUh Potential Soil quality index (SQP) Potenzieller Bodenqualitätsindex (SQP) Landgebruik gerelateerde impact / bodemkwaliteit (SQP) 7003.823066706 60.524839470773 1025.5619455624 8089.9098517392 0.2037074906042 10.229773414542 2.3421702158079 2.8466580279797 -1028.9102280874 unitless